![]() Cells need oxygen to keep their metabolism going, and humans have an efficient and complex system for doing this. The lungs are essential parts of the respiratory system. Every lobule is separated from one another by a wall of connective tissue called an interlobular septum. And each pulmonary lobule has its own large bronchiole with multiple branches. The bronchi branch into smaller bronchioles, creating subdivisions of the lobes called pulmonary lobules. The bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter the lungs via a central wedge-shaped region called the hilum. However, there is an indentation on the left lung’s surface known as the cardiac notch. Interestingly enough, although they’re a pair, the lungs are asymmetrical: Your right lung is shorter and broader than the left. The vagus nerve is often involved in lung diseases. The vagus nerve dictates airway tone, blood perfusion or irrigation, and mucus secretion. The diaphragm borders the lungs at the base, a flat muscle shaped like a dome that separates the abdominal and chest or thoracic cavities. The left lung is split into two lobes: the superior and the inferior.Įvery lobe contains multiple bronchopulmonary segments, each receiving blood from its artery and air from its tertiary bronchus.The right lung is split into three lobes: the superior, middle, and inferior.The apex of the lung is located where the upper lobe begins, while the base of the lungs is by the diaphragm, where the costal surface borders our ribcage.Įach lung is divided into separate units known as lobes, which are separated by fissures. The pleural membrane has two layers: a visceral pleura that covers the thorax’s inside and a parietal pleura that covers the lungs. The lungs are connected to the trachea – or windpipe – by the right and left bronchi.Ī thin, bilayered membrane called pleura wraps the lungs. They are located in the mediastinum, which is the central compartment of the thorax around the heart. The lungs are pyramid-shaped organs that come in a pair. ![]()
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